Testing Instruments

A test piece, placed over a circular elastic diaphragm, is rigidly clamped at the periphery but free to bulge with the diaphragm. Hydraulic fluid is pumped at a constant rate, bulging the diaphragm until the test piece ruptures. The bursting strength of the test piece is the maximum value of the applied hydraulic pressure.

The pneumatic clamping in such a way the clamping pressure against the specimen can be corrected by the adjustment of air pressure regulator. It is important that the specimen is clamped so hard so that it does not slip during testing. The standard clamping pressure is 3.0 kg/cm2.

A bursting strength tester of the hydraulic type consisting of :
Two clamping plates upper and lower clamping and parallel surfaces having a a central circular opening. The lower edge of the opening, Which makes contact with the test piece is slightly rounded, but not so much as to effect the area of the aperture. The pressure is generated by a motor driven piston which forces a liquid contain no air. The motor direction reverses automatically after the sample burst.for instance, pure air free glycerol (96%) or ethylene glycol into a pressure chamber beneath the diaphragm at a rate of 2.9ml/s ± 0.1 ml/s. The hydraulic system designs in such and

Note : Glycerol is preferred to ethylene glycol as the hydraulic fluid because its higher viscosity.

Electronic Bursting Strength Tester meets the requirements laid down in the testing standards as per  TAPPI standards.

Abrasion Tester (Einlehner type) With digital preset revolution controller complete with plexiglass filler jar and standard wire screen spare and accessories, Power supply 220V, 50 Hz, 200WThe abrasion tester which has been in use for 25 years all over the world is ideal for the comparison and quality control of plateled shaped fillers and pigments. The unit provides information on the wear properties of paper machine screens, cutting and punching tools as well as roller rakes and blades when these fillers and pigments are used. The Abrasion is only suitable to a certain extend for testing and comparing fillers and pigments with a rhombold structure.The rotary abrader now rotates independently of the mains frequency (50/60Hz) at a standard rotary velocity of 1800 rpm.

The Digester is a complete pulping unit for producing pulps by cooking wood chips in a manner similar to a commercial digester. The unit is easy to operate and features precise control of pulping variables to ensure good repeatability of results. Digital temp Indicator-cum-controller precisely control the temperature range upto-200 ^oC. The rotation with change in turning direction provide efficient agitation to the samples.

A sample is placed between the blanket and steel roll and sample is moved between the roles under nip pressure. After selected number of sheets have been passed the fluff is transferred to blanket cylinders and a linen counter moved at the top of the machine to count the numbers of particles & fibers adhering to a given area of blanket.

Technical Specifications :

• Nip pressure - 13.5 Kg. by dead weight roller.
• Blanket cylinder - 10” wide x 6” dia.
• Blanket material - Can be easily changed
• Measuring area - One square inch.
• Sheet feeding system    - Manual and sheets are pressed into the nip between rubber  blanket and printing plates cylinder

The model is having three search unit (sensor unit) determines the reflectance of the surface of the objects, as well as the colour, by measuring the light reflected from their surface and then comparing to standards. The instrument consists of a Sensor Unit and a Photometer. The Sensor Unit provides the light source and the measurement transducers (Photocells). The outputs of the Sensor Unit are fed to photometer where they are processed and converted into a digital reading, which is displayed on the front panel.

Applications :

• A useful comprehensive list of application is given in other literature along with appropriate S.U., filters, and applicable standard methods. Below, some of these applications are put into prospective, with only the most widespread and important ones mentioned.
• Paper Industry - Our instrument is widely used to measure the “paper brightness” using S.U. “W”, which has a blue filter built in. gloss measurement using S.U. “P” and opacity measurement using S.U. “Y” with green tristimulus filter are also possible. For opacity the instrument is first set to read 100, with the sample placed on white plaque. Then a reading is taken with the sample on black surface this reading is % opacity.

Roughness of paper is defined as the volume of air that, forced a specified pressure difference escapes in unit time by passing between the surface of the paper and a flat metal ring resting on the paper and exerting a definite pressure on int.

Scope :

• This method applies to all kinds of paper and paper-board and describes the testing of conditioned specimens
• A measuring head with an air inlet tube on one side: on the bottom is a flat ring made of acid-proof steel: it has a mean thickness of 0.150 mm ± 0.002 mm and an inner diameter of 31.5 mm ± 0.2 mm. The range of the thickness readings should not exceed 0.004 mm. The mass of the measuring head should be 267.0 g ± 0.5 g .

An air flow meter, consisting of three rotameter tubes :

• First tube - 10 to 150 ml/min
• Second tube - 50 to 500 ml/min.
• Third tube 300 to 3000ml/min
• The rotameter tubes should allow these air flows to be determined with an error of less than 2 ml/min and 5 ml/min, respectively.

The machine in designed for determining the tensile  strength of  sheet  material such as paper, paper board,  plastics, metal foil, etc. The testing is made by inserting a sample between  two vertical  grips, and increasing the load until the sample  breaks. The elongation of the sample is measured simultaneously.

Determination occurs by means of  a pendulum balance. When the inserted sample is subjected to a  strain,  the pendulum will make a deflection is indicated on a scale  directly in kilograms. Different load weights for the pendulum correspond to the respective graduation.The graduation 0-500 g only correspond to bare pendulum without extra load.

The elongation is determined by measuring the increase in the distance between the clamps, which is indicated on the elongation scale. This scale has graduation in millimeters and in  per  cent based  on  180 mm testing length (which is a  standard  in  paper testing).  Should the elongation be wanted in per cent  based on other testing lengths, this must be calculated.

Tensile Strength Tester (schopper type ) meets the requirements laid down in the testing standards as per  TAPPI standards

Technical Specifications :

• Mains Supply - 220 Volts ±10%, 50 cycles (if not otherwise specified in your order and acknowledge by us)
• Measuring Range - Low range – 0 to 300.0 N,  high range – 0 to 600 N
• Accuracy    - Better than ± 1% of force reading, but not better than ± 1 .
• Clamps - Tightening clamps for 15 mm wide strips
• Strip Dimension - 15 x 180 mm
• Clamping length - 0-250 mm adjustable
• Power Requirement - Capacity 250 Watt
• Fuse -  5 Amp. Glass tube fuse
• Deformation Speed -  Selected/Variable
• Automatic return of platens after rapture

Abrading instrument, consisting of a horizontal turntable with a center clamp, which revolves at 70 to 75 rpm, upon which the specimen is attached, and two weighte parallel arms, each carrying a special abrasive embedded rubber whell, freely rotating on a ball-bearing horizontal spindle, and each resting on the specimen with a known dead weight load and an adjustable vacuum system for debris removal. For the dry paperboard test, 1000 gf or 500 gf is used with non resilient wheel. For the dry paper test, 500 gf or 250 gf is used with resilient wheels. For the wet test, 500 gf is used the same wheels as used in the dry tests. In all cases, the type and grit of wheels shall be agreed upon by user and supplier. The surface of the table is covered with a disk of soft rubberized material 0.762 mm (0.03 in.) thick each abrasive wheel is 44 to 51 mm (1 ¾ to 2 in). in diameter and 12.7 mm (1/2 in) thick and composed of a special finely screened and standardized abrasive. A revolution counter is attached to the table. The lines of contact of the wheels on the specimen are at right angles to the parallel supporting arms and situated 25 mm (1 in) from the center of the turntable towards the axis about which the supporting arms turn. The center of the line of contact of the wheel on the arm from which the turntable revolves is 31 mm (1 7/22 in) to the left. In this manner, where in contact with the turning specimen, the two wheels revolve in opposite directions and exert a combined abrasive, compressive, and twisting action over a circular path approximately 3000 mm2 (4.6 in2) in area, twice during each revolution of the specimen.

4.1.1 for the wet abrasion test, a rubber-covered turntable with an annular raised rim is used, to permit the surface of the specimen to be covered with water during the test.
4.2 Brush, soft brush about 12-13 mm (1/2 in) wide the bristles about 25 mm (1 in) long. Filter paper, sintered glass or Gooch cruicible, for wet abrasion residue. Resurfacing turntable, a rubber covered turnatable on which an abrasive disk is mounted, for resurfacing the wheels.

The ash content of paper is defined as the weight of the residue after complete combustion of a sample at a temperature of 9250 C ± 250 C under specified conditions and is expressed as a percentage of the weight of the oven dry paper.

Scope :
The ash content of paper gives an estimate of the content of mineral salts, loading materials and other inorganic matter, but is not quantitatively equal to this content because the weight of some of these substances is altered during ignition.

The ring crush resistance of paper and paperboard is the maximum compressive force that a test piece will sustain without being crushed, the test piece being in the form of a cylinder, standing on one end, and the force being applied to the other end under specified conditions. This method applies to papers and paperboards with a thickness of not less than 0.15 mm and not more than 0.49 mm.

Details :

• It is primarily intended for corrugated media, liner and other papers and boards for use in the manufacture of packaging cases and boxes.
• The test piece is placed in a holder containing as annular groove so that it forms a cylinder with a horizontal base.
• It is then subjected to a uniformly increasing force in a testing machine until crushing occurs.

Tear strength tester (elemendroff type) with (selected  pendulam) to measure the tear strength value of the sample.

Technical Specifications :

• Interchangeable pendulum for different range :
  
  • 0-2000 mN.(Extra Light,A4)
  • 0-8000 mN.(Light, A)
  • 0-16000 mN.(Medium, B)
  • 0-32000 mN.(Heavy, C)
  • 0-64000 mN.(Extra Heavy, D)
  • Tearing sample cutter.
  • Set of calibration weights.

Specimen :

• Specimen Height - 62 mm ± 0.2 mm.      
• Specimen lengt - 50 ± 2.0 mm

Option : Manual Tearing Sample cutter For preparation of tearing test specimen.

Applications :

• Paper
• Packaging industries

The offered lot is prepared using the best in class raw material that is sourced from the reliable places only. Besides, we check it for quality prior to procurement. With our modern transportation amenities, safe and on-time deliveries are rendered by us!

Details :

• Designed to check the moisture levels in paper products such as kraft stock, baled scrap paper, and other materials.
• Resistance technology recognized around the world as the most accurate method for measuring moisture.
• Averages up to 100 accumulated readings.
• 4.3 % - 18% moisture range on paper.
  0-100 reference scale for relative moisture indications in various hygrosopic materials.
• 5% - 40% moisture range on baled scrap paper
• Digital readout
• Includes (1) 9 volt battery
• Proven microcontroller circuit
• One year Warranty

Tensile strength, the maximum tensile force developed in a test specimen before rupture on a tensile test carried to rupture under prescribed conditions. Tensile strength (as used here) is the force per unit  width of test speciman.

Stretch, the maximum tensile strain developed in the test specimen before rupture in a tensile test carried to rupture under prescribed conditions. The stretch (or percentage elongation) is expressed as a percentage, i.e., one hundred times the ratio of the increase in length of the test specimen to the original test span.

Tensile energy absorption (TEA) the work done when a specimen is stressed to rupture in tension under prescribed conditions as measured by the integral of the tensile strength over the range of tensile strain from zero to maximum strain. The TEA is expressed as energy per unit area (test span x width) of test specimen.

Tensile stiffness, the ratio of tensile force per unit width to tensile strain with in the elastic region of the tensile strain relationship. The elastic region of the tensile strain relationship is the linear portion of the load elongation relationship up to the elastic limit. The elastic limit is the maximum tensile force above, which the load elongation relationship departs from linearity. (Tensile stiffness is numerically equivalent To E  Where E is the modulus of elasticity and is sample thickness).Breaking length, the calculated limiting length of a strip of uniform width, beyond which, if such a strip were suspended by one end, it would break of its own weight.

Horizontal Tensile Strength Tester meets the requirements laid down in the testing standards as per TAPPI standards

Technical Specifications :

• Mains Supply - 220 Volts ±10%, 50 cycles (if not otherwise specified in your order and acknowledge by us)
• Load Sensor - 50.0 kg. or depend on requirment
• Measuring Range - 499.9N
• Accuracy     - Better than ± 1% of force reading, but not better than ± 1 .
• Display - lcd display
• Clamps - Tightening clamps for 15 mm wide strips by pneumatic
• Strip Dimension - 15 x 180 mm
• Clamping length - 100 150,180 mm
• Instrument Air - 300 kPa
• Computer Output - com port to transfer the data on pc
• Power Requirement - Capacity 300 Watt
• Deformation Speed - Selected/Variable
• Automatic return of platens after rapture
• Electronic overload protection at load cell capacity.

Electronic Smoothness & Porosity Tester (BendtsenType) For Determining The Smoothness And Porosity Of Paper And Board, Based On Mass Flow Meter Principle. Provided With Imported Sensor And Accessories.

Description/ Specification of Smoothness and Porosity Tester (Bendtsen Type) :

• We are offering our customers a wide range of Smoothness and Porosity Tester (Bendtsen Type). The Roughness of paper or similar material is defined as the volume of air that is forced by a specified pressure difference escapes in unit time by passing between the surface of the specimen and flat metal ring resting on a specimen. The values indicate the surface smoothness of graded paper suitable for good print quality.
• A sample is placed on a perfect plane glass plate, measuring head on the test piece and a controlled and low air in built pressure pass through a flat metal ring and the specimen.
• The pressure difference read on the display.
• Smoothness / Roughness Contact Pressure roughness - 98 kPa by measuring head of weight 267±0.5 gram

Applicable Standard : SCAN P 21, P 60, BS 4420, TAPPI UM 535, ISO 2494, 5636/3, APPITA/AS 1301.440 DIN 53120

The instrument consists of an outer cylinder, which is partly filled with oil, and an inner cylinder which slides freely in the outer cylinder. The specimen is clamped in position such that the air entrapped in the inner cylinder is found to pass though it to escape. The inner cylinder is graduated so that the time required to pass a given amount of air through the specimen can be recorded.

Smoothness test :
The rate of lateral air flow between several sheets of paper depends upon the smothness or roughness of their surface. By taking the time for 50 cc. of air to escape as measured on the inner cylinder, the smoothness is measured. The test can be adapted for paper boards and other material.

Porosity test :
One square inch of paper is exposed to the air pressure exerted by the inner cylinder floating in oil. The rate of air flow through the paper is its porosity. Air escapes through holes in the bottom clamping plats elastic gaskets on the adapter plate prevent leakage over the surface.

Softness tester :
Four softness plugs, forced into the paper sample by the weight and lever arm, constrict the space for air escape, depending upon how deeply the plugs compress the paper. The resulting rate of air flow is a measure of the paper’s softness, or compressibility.

Tear strength tester (elemendroff type) with (selected  pendulam) to measure the tear strength value of the sample.

Technical Specifications :

• Interchangeable pendulum for different range :
  
  • 0-2000 mN.(Extra Light,A4)
  • 0-8000 mN.(Light, A)
  • 0-16000 mN.(Medium, B)
  • 0-32000 mN.(Heavy, C)
  • 0-64000 mN.(Extra Heavy, D)
  • Tearing sample cutter.
  • Set of calibration weights.

Specimen :

• Specimen Height - 62 mm ± 0.2 mm.      
• Specimen lengt - 50 ± 2.0 mm

Option : Manual Tearing Sample cutter For preparation of tearing test specimen.

Applications :

• Paper
• Packaging industries

This instrument can be used to measure colour parameters of the surface of an object. It can also be used to determine the colour difference between two coloured samples using various international standard methods for objective comparisons, which will give quantitative colour difference perceptibility or acceptability in colour matching. The degree of whiteness of white objects may be determined in accordance with various whiteness standards, as can light scattering coefficient, absorption coefficient, degree of opacity and degree of yellowness, yellowing tendency of paper etc. Instead of using visual assessment this instrument can assess the degree of colour changing and staining in textile colour fastness.

Accessories :

• Powder disc
• Standard white powder (Barium sulphate)
• plastic white plate (negligible fluorescent)
• plastic white plate (fluorescent)
• Black cylinder
• Power cable
• Pulsed xenon lamp
• Fuse (NM51 1A/250V) Paper